![]() The highly ordered structure of CCA can be permanently locked in a hydrogel matrix by polymerization of a monomer around the CCA spheres to form a PCCA. ![]() Crystalline colloidal arrays (CCAs) generally possess three-dimensional (3D) periodic face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice that self-assembled from monodisperse colloidal spheres. However, these approaches face disadvantages of utilizing precise instruments and requiring highly trained personnel.Īsher’s group firstly introduced polymerized crystalline colloidal array (PCCA) sensors into glucose detecting area, which have great possibility to be developed into point-of-care device since they can offer fast and visual detection of analytes through colorimetric determinations of concentration. Thus, numerous methods have been used to detect glucose in tears, including sophisticated analytical techniques such as electrochemistry, chromatography, mass spectrometry, fluorescence, Raman spectrometry, and many others. Though having a promising potential for glucose monitoring in the human body due to its correlation with blood glucose, the tear glucose sensors are not like traditional implanted glucose biosensors, due to their specific characteristics: limited amount fluid, low generation rate, low glucose concentration, rich chemical composition, etc. The typical glucose range in tear fluid is around 0.1–0.6 mM. ![]() The ideal sensing technology would be portable, inexpensive, and able to selectively and sensitively detect glucose with painless touch and real-time feedback. Lots of attention has been paid to the easily accessible body fluids like urine, sweat, and especially tears, which have been confirmed to participate in glucose metabolism and have a positive correlation with the alternation of the concentration of blood glucose. The desire for noninvasive and continuous monitoring glucose in the human body has increased in importance due to the concern associated with the increasing incidence of diabetes worldwide. Its combination with a contact lens endows it with excellent biocompatibility and portability, which shows great possibility for it to push the development of glucose-detecting devices into new era. The detection limit of responsive glucose concentration can be reduced to 0.05 mM. This novel sensing lens is able to selectively diffract visible light, whose wavelength shifts between 567 and 468 nm according to the alternation of the glucose concentration between 0 and 50 mM and its visible color change between reddish yellow, green, and blue. This paper presents a new glucose-responsive sensor, which consists a crystalline colloidal array (CCA) embedded in hydrogel matrix, attached onto a rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens. As the tear glucose concentration has a positive correlation with that in blood, the hydrogel colloidal crystal integrated into contact lens possesses promising potential for noninvasive monitoring of glucose in tears. ![]() Patients of diabetes mellitus urgently need noninvasive and continuous glucose monitoring in daily point-of-care. ![]()
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